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Table 2 Factors identified in Moyer and Mustafa (2012) paper and whether they are included in this analysis[3]

From: Drivers of facility deliveries in Africa and Asia: regional analyses using the demographic and health surveys

Factors Listed in Moyer and Mustafa, 2012

Included in this analysis?

Maternal Factors

 

 Maternal Age

Yes

 Maternal Education

Yes, years of education

 Religion

No

 Ethnicity

No

 Region/province of residence

Yes, clustered by stratum

 Urban/rural

Yes

 Wealth/SES

Yes, wealth index

 Maternal Employment

Yes, employed/not

 Health insurance coverage

No, only collected in sub-set of countries

 Parity/birth order

Yes, parity

 Martial Status

Yes

 Polygamous union

No, only applicable to a subset of countries

 Empowerment/autonomy

Yes, score of acceptability of wife beating

 Attitude towards importance of facility delivery/perceived need

No, not available

 Attitude towards skills of doctor vs. TBA

No, not available

 Embarrassment/fear of being shamed

No, not available

 Discussion with male partner on place of delivery

No, not available

 Knowledge of pregnancy risk factors

No, high levels of missing data

 Completion of birth plan

No, not available

 Concept of abnormal vs. normal pregnancy

No, not available

 Having means of transport to facility/vouchers

No, not available

 Quality of previous delivery

No, not available

 Location of previous delivery

No, because not all women had a previous delivery

 Pregnancy wantedness

Yes, desired pregnancy/not

 Birth complications

No, not available

 Use of herbal drugs

No, not available

 Desire to appear modern

No, not available

 Fear of episiotomy

No, not available

 Precipitate Labor

No, not available

 Use of maternity waiting homes

No, not available

Social Factors

 

 Non-male household head

Yes

 Husband’s occupation

Yes

 Husband/partner education

Yes

 Small family norm (community level)

No, not available

 Stigma/gossip/on lookers

No, not available

 Living in socially disadvantaged neighborhood

No, not available

 Permission from husband, TBA, mother, mother-in-law

No, not available

 Social influence of others

Yes, stratum level acceptability of wife beating score

 Village level: % of village who agree facility delivery is important

No, high levels of missing data

 Village level: % of village who rated local facility as “excellent”

No, not available

 Village level: % of village who attended 4+ ANC

Yes

 Village level: % of village who agreed doctors and nurses have good skills

No, not available

 Village level: % of village who agree TBAs have good skills

No, not available

 Community perception of access to nearest facility

No, not available

 Traditional views on delivery and motherhood

No, not available

Antenatal care (ANC) factors

 

 Attended ANC

Yes, any ANC

 Timing of firs ANC visit (early)

No, not available

 Number of ANC

Yes, 4+ ANC

 Saw doctor at ANC

Yes

 Quality of ANC

No, not available

 Advised to deliver in a facility during ANC

No, not available