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Table 2 Pregnancy outcomes among currently married women of 15–19 years age group by their background characteristics, India, 2007–08

From: Motherhood in childhood: addressing reproductive health hazards among adolescent married women in India

Background characteristics

Pregnancy outcome

Total pregnancy (n)

OR (95 % CIs for Expβ)

Live birth

Pregnancy lossa

Total

Stillbirth

Abortionb

Women’s age (years)

      

 15

83.7

16.3

1.9

14.4

285

–

 16

85.6

14.4

1.9

12.5

889

–

 17

87.8

12.2

1.6

10.6

2329

–

 18

88.7

11.3

2.3

9.0

6094

–

 19

89.8

10.2

1.9

8.3

9112

–

 15 to 17

86.9

13.1

1.7

11.4

3503

1.0

 18 to 19

89.4

10.6

2.0

8.6

15,206

1.246*** (1.081–1.437)

Residence

      

 Rural

89.4

10.6

2.1

8.5

16,601

1.0

 Urban

86.5

13.5

1.8

11.7

2108

0.932 (0.794–1.093)

Age at consummation (years)

      

 Below 18

89.5

10.5

2.0

8.5

16,501

1.0

 18 & above

85.1

14.9

1.7

13.2

2208

0.770*** (0.653–0.906)

Marital duration (years)

      

 Less than 2

86.9

13.1

1.8

11.3

8142

1.0

 2 & above

90.5

9.5

2.2

7.3

10,567

1.164** (1.027–1.319)

CPR for any method

      

 Yes

93.8

6.2

0.8

5.4

3331

1.0

 No

87.8

12.2

2.4

9.8

15,378

0.473*** (0.398–0.562)

Women’s education level (in completed years)

      

 Uneducated or less than 5

90.2

9.8

2.2

7.6

10,617

1.0

 5 to 9

87.0

13.0

1.9

11.1

6517

0.893* (0.788–1.012)

 10 & above

88.5

11.5

1.4

10.1

1575

1.257** (1.011–1.562)

Husband’s education level (in completed years)

      

 Uneducated or less than 5

89.5

10.5

2.0

8.5

12,514

1.0

 5–9

88.9

11.1

2.4

8.7

1944

0.879 (0.732–1.055)

 10 & above

87.4

12.6

1.7

10.9

4251

1.050 (0.913–1.206)

Women’s work status e

      

 Working

89.8

10.2

2.0

8.2

1972

1.0

 Not working

88.8

11.2

2.1

9.1

11,844

1.037(0.882–1.218)

Wealth quintile e

      

 Poorest

92.4

7.6

2.1

5.5

4439

1.0

 Second

89.7

10.3

2.3

8.0

5120

0.726*** (0.607–0.868)

 Middle

88.2

11.8

2.2

9.6

4457

0.613*** (0.511–0.736)

 Fourth

86.5

13.5

1.5

12.0

3406

0.531*** (0.436–0.647)

 Richest

84.9

15.1

1.6

13.5

1279

0.414*** (0.323–0.531)

Religion

      

 Hindu

88.6

11.4

1.9

9.5

15,058

1.0

 Muslim

89.4

10.6

2.6

8.0

2676

1.142 (0.973–1.340)

 Others

92.3

7.7

1.3

6.4

975

1.911*** (1.410–2.590)

Caste

      

 SCs/STsc

89.7

10.3

1.9

8.4

7455

1.0

 OBCsd

88.8

11.2

2.1

9.1

7727

1.037 (0.910–1.181)

 Others

87.6

12.4

1.9

10.5

3527

0.944 (0.801–1.111)

India

88.9

11.1

2.0

9.1

18,709

 
  1. aUnsuccessful outcome of pregnancy, bAbortion includes both spontaneous and induced, cThe Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are the official designations given to various groups of historically marginalized people, recognized in the Constitution of India. During the period of British rule, they were known as the Depressed Classes. In modern literature, the SCs are sometimes referred to as ‘Dalits’, whereas STs are mentioned as ‘Adivasis’ (i.e. traditional forest dwellers). The SCs and STs comprise about 16.6 % and 8.6 % respectively of India ’s population (Census,2011), dOBC represents other backward classes, eTotal excludes missing cases; ***p< 0.001; **p< 0.01; *p< 0.05.
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Reproductive Health

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