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Table 4 Prenatal and delivery characteristics by group and period

From: A multi-faceted intervention including antenatal corticosteroids to reduce neonatal mortality associated with preterm birth: a case study from the Guatemalan Western Highlands

Characteristic

Pre-trial period

Trial period

Crude Estimate of Change in Prevalence as a Percentagea

Crude Estimate of Difference in Change in Prevalencea

Adjusted Estimate of Difference in Change in Prevalence (95 % CI), p-valueb

Intervention

Control

Intervention

Control

Intervention

Control

Deliveries, N

2,041

2,305

3,766

3,960

    

At least one antenatal care visit, (%)

98.7

97.3

99.2

99.2

0.5

1.9

−1.4

−1.72 (−4.00, 0.55),

p = 0.1379

Prenatal vitamins/iron, (%)

85.9

89.7

93.7

91.4

7.8

1.7

6.1

6.46 (2.02, 10.89),

p = 0.0043

Birth attendant, (%)

    

26.0

13.0

13.0

7.56 (−3.09, 18.20),

p = 0.1643

 Physician

26.0

32.3

50.6

45.1

 

 Nurse/Midwife/HW

1.7

0.2

3.1

0.5

    

 TBA

72.1

67.1

45.7

53.9

    

 Family/Other

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.6

    

Delivery mode, (%)

    

−11.1

−7.1

−4.0

−2.21 (−8.17, 3.76),

p = 0.4689

 Vaginal

87.9

87.5

76.8

80.4

 

 C-section

12.1

12.5

23.2

19.6

    

 BA used new gloves, (%)

98.5

97.6

99.3

99.0

0.8

1.4

−0.6

−0.53 (−2.02, 0.97),

p = 0.4894

  1. aCrude change in prevalence = percentage during the trial period minus percentage during the pretrial period
  2. bTest to assess whether the change between the pretrial and trial periods differed by treatment group. P-values calculated from generalized linear models accounting for the cluster-level variance and adjusted for randomization strata