Skip to main content

Table 2 Observed disrespect and abuse

From: Applying a participatory approach to the promotion of a culture of respect during childbirth

Type of Disrespect and Abuse observed

Baseline

N = 208

n (%)

Evaluation

N = 459

n (%)

Difference between Evaluation and Baseline

%

Physical Abuse

   

 Fundal pressure applied

7 (3.4)

1 (0.2)

−3.2

 Lack of anesthesia for episiotomy

9 (4.3)

0 (0.0)

−4.3

Non-Consented Care

   

 Lack of consent for first examination

177 (85.1)

0 (0.0)

−85.1

 Lack of consent for vaginal examination

170 (81.7)

0 (0.0)

−81.7

Non-Confidential Care

   

 Examination performed in way or setting that other clients could hear

11 (5.4)

42 (9.2)

3.8

 Health providers discussed mother’s private health information in a way or setting that others could hear

42 (20.2)

143 (31.2)

11.0

Lack of Privacy

   

 No partitions separating beds

179 (86.1)

118 (25.7)

−60.4

 Partitions did not give privacy/not adequately closed to provide privacy

76 (36.5)

199 (43.4)

6.9

 Mother not well covered

133 (63.9)

14 (3.1)

−60.8

Non-Dignified Care

   

 Mother not welcomed in a kind and gentle manner

51 (24.5)

0 (0)

−24.5

 Mother not told where to go in antenatal ward

28 (13.5)

0 (0)

−13.5

 Delivering service provider did not congratulate the mother after birth

55 (26.3)

7 (1.5)

−24.8

 Provider did not introduce herself to mother

194 (93.3)

55 (12.0)

−81.3

 Mother not cleaned after birth and third stage of labor

33 (26.1)

3 (0.7)

−25.4

 Mother not called her name throughout interactions

123 (60.0)

1 (0.2)

−59.8

 No bed ready for mother

113 (54.3)

96 (20.9)

−33.4

 Bed provided to mother was not clean

135 (65.9)

6 (1.3)

−64.6

 No pad provided to the mother after birth

17 (8.2)

439 (95.6)

87.4