| Mode of delivery |  | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cesarean during labor | Vaginal delivery | p value * | ||||
N | % | N | % | |||
Sociodemographic variables | ||||||
Maternal age (years) | 12â19 | 144 | 10.7 | 1198 | 89.3 | 0.372 |
20â34 | 180 | 12.5 | 1264 | 87.5 | ||
â„35 | 3 | 10.7 | 25 | 89.3 | ||
Self-reported skin color | White | 69 | 10.4 | 595 | 89.6 | 0.415 |
Black | 27 | 9.2 | 267 | 90.8 | ||
Brown | 223 | 12.4 | 1569 | 87.6 | ||
Schooling level | 0â7 years | 81 | 11.1 | 650 | 88.9 | 0.753 |
8â10 years | 98 | 10.9 | 803 | 89.1 | ||
11â14 years | 141 | 12.5 | 984 | 87.5 | ||
15 or more | 6 | 11.5 | 46 | 88.5 | ||
Paid Work | Yes | 89 | 12.1 | 649 | 87.9 | 0.728 |
No | 237 | 11.4 | 1836 | 88.6 | ||
Relationship status | Not living with partner | 83 | 10.5 | 708 | 89.5 | 0.421 |
Living with partner | 243 | 12.0 | 1777 | 88.0 | ||
Macro region of Brazil | North | 50 | 14.0 | 308 | 86.0 | 0.037 |
Northeast | 147 | 13.9 | 913 | 86.1 | ||
South | 29 | 15.3 | 161 | 84.7 | ||
Southeast | 69 | 6.7 | 960 | 93.3 | ||
Midwest | 33 | 18.6 | 144 | 81.4 | ||
Pregnancy characteristics, use of ANC, and childbirth care services | ||||||
Adequacy of ANC | Inadequate | 307 | 11.8 | 2305 | 88.2 | 0.590 |
Adequate | 20 | 9.9 | 182 | 90.1 | ||
Clinical or obstetrical conditions potentially associated with obstetric emergencies before childbirth | Yes | 85 | 22.8 | 288 | 77.2 | <0.001 |
No | 242 | 9.9 | 2199 | 90.1 | ||
Women assisted at the linkage maternity | Yes | 141 | 12.6 | 980 | 87.4 | 0.893 |
No | 41 | 12.2 | 294 | 87.8 | ||
Search for childbirth care services before hospital admission | Yes | 76 | 13.9 | 470 | 86.1 | 0.134 |
No | 250 | 11.0 | 2016 | 89.0 | ||
Prenatal counseling favorable for vaginal delivery | Yes | 175 | 8.6 | 1854 | 91.4 | <0.001 |
No | 152 | 19.4 | 633 | 80.6 | ||
Decision on the type of delivery at the end of pregnancy | No | 167 | 17.5 | 790 | 82.5 | <0.001 |
Yes, vaginal | 100 | 5.9 | 1608 | 94.1 | ||
Yes, cesarean | 58 | 45.7 | 69 | 54.3 | ||
Labor and mode of delivery variables | ||||||
Type of labor | Spontaneous | 306 | 13.2 | 2018 | 86.8 | <0.001 |
Induced | 21 | 4.3 | 468 | 95.7 | ||
Same professional provided assistance during ANC and childbirth | Yes | 12 | 22.2 | 42 | 77.8 | 0.152 |
No | 313 | 11.4 | 2442 | 88.6 | ||
Cervical dilation at admission | â„4Â cm | 171 | 9.7 | 1584 | 90.3 | 0.017 |
<4Â cm | 156 | 14.7 | 902 | 85.3 | ||
Use of any of the good practices during labor | Yes | 207 | 8.7 | 2185 | 91.3 | <0.001 |
No | 120 | 28.5 | 301 | 71.5 | ||
Use of a venous catheter | Yes | 233 | 12.3 | 1656 | 87.7 | 0.507 |
No | 94 | 10.5 | 800 | 89.5 | ||
Use of spinal or epidural analgesia | Yes | 79 | 30.4 | 181 | 69.6 | <0.001 |
No | 249 | 9.9 | 2276 | 90.1 | ||
Presence of at least one obstetric nurse during assistance with labor | Yes | 30 | 6.4 | 442 | 93.6 | 0.003 |
No | 276 | 13.5 | 1774 | 86.5 | ||
Total | Â | 327 | 11.6 | 2487 | 88.4 | Â |