Inclusion criteria |
Controlled studies in any language or conducted at any date were included when: ● The intervention was primarily or partially designed to increase respectful care/decrease D&A (overall, and/or the following components; privacy/dignity/non-consented care/verbal abuse/physical abuse/abandonment/detention) ● The intervention was designed to impact on the intrapartum period ● The participants included women using standard intrapartum care ● Studies included a control group of any kind (RCTs, case-control or case-matched, observational longitudinal pre-post) |
Exclusion criteria |
Uncontrolled studies and studies where the following was the primary focus were excluded, unless respectful care was explicitly stated to be the mechanism of effect for the change: ● The intervention is primarily designed to decrease specific intrapartum interventions ● Studies designed primarily to increase the right to access to, or equity in, maternity care ● Studies designed to improve one specific aspect of care (such as companionship or communication) Policies designed to increase respectful care or its components for specific sub-groups of women using intrapartum care specifically tailored to their needs |