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Table 6 Trend in maternal mortality ratio by site and combined years, 2010–2018 in ongoing clustersa

From: Maternal mortality in six low and lower-middle income countries from 2010 to 2018: risk factors and trends

Characteristic

Overall, all sites

Overall, excluding DRC

DRC

Guatemala

Belagavi

Nagpur

Kenya

Pakistan

Zambia

Ongoing clustersa

 Births, n

466,772

434,876

31,896

60,434

88,684

84,241

73,904

64,951

62,662

 Maternal deaths, n

694

596

98

69

95

84

78

204

66

 Deliveries, n

471,272

438,806

32,466

60,832

89,300

84,872

74,793

65,710

63,299

 Live births, n

438,855

407,985

30,870

59,198

78,265

77,968

72,973

57,941

61,640

 Total MMR(95% CI)a

158 (147, 169)

146 (135, 157)

317 (257, 378)

117 (90, 143)

121 (100, 143)

108 (86, 129)

107 (83, 130)

352 (309, 395)

107 (82, 132)

MMR, maternal deaths per 100,000 live births (95% CI))b

 2010–2012

159 (139, 178)

159 (139, 178)

 

120 (68, 172)

135 (100, 170)

110 (74, 146)

133 (90, 176)

336 (265, 408)

141 (91, 192)

 2011–2013

151 (132, 169)

151 (132, 169)

 

110 (63, 158)

124 (91, 158)

99 (64, 134)

114 (74, 154)

374 (299, 450)

124 (76, 172)

 2012–2014

139 (121, 158)

139 (121, 158)

 

119 (71, 168)

106 (73, 139)

108 (71, 144)

101 (62, 141)

326 (255, 397)

116 (69, 163)

 2013–2015

130 (112, 148)

130 (112, 148)

 

106 (63, 150)

92 (59, 125)

106 (70, 142)

81 (45, 117)

323 (253, 393)

108 (63, 153)

 2014–2016

149 (131, 168)

130 (112, 148)

289 (213, 365)

114 (70, 158)

82 (48, 115)

117 (79, 155)

92 (53, 131)

326 (255, 397)

77 (40, 114)

 2015–2017

162 (143, 181)

143 (124, 162)

289 (215, 364)

130 (84, 176)

109 (70, 148)

97 (62, 132)

98 (58, 138)

386 (307, 465)

89 (50, 129)

 2016–2018

168 (148, 188)

149 (129, 169)

294 (220, 369)

124 (79, 169)

136 (91, 181)

107 (69, 145)

103 (61, 144)

404 (321, 488)

72 (36, 108)

  1. a Maternal Newborn Health Registry 2010–2018 deliveries, excluding women lost to follow-up prior to delivery or missing maternal status at 42 days. Clusters collecting data during the enti re period of 2010–2018, or 2014–2018 for DRC
  2. b Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) is maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. The 95% confidence interval for the MMR is approximated using the variance of the proportion of maternal deaths for each site and year