Table 3 Themes derived from the data

Preconception practices and services provided

No defined preconception care service

Health information, education and counselling

Medical check-up and screening

How preconception care is provided

No laid down structure or guideline: services are provided as the need arises for

 People with diabetes, hypertension, sickle cell disorder or other medical illnesses

 Those who have had complications in previous pregnancies

When demanded by clients

 Due to delay in pregnancy or infertility

 Some educated or knowledgeable clients

Programs and services related to preconception care

Related cultural practices

Premarital counselling

 Provided by religious groups—Christian and Muslim

Family Life and HIV Education (FLHE)

 For secondary school students

Services provided by Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs)

 Association for Reproductive and Family Health (ARFH) and other similar agencies

Some government-sponsored programs