Exposure category | No | Prevalence, n (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic factors | ||||||
Age (years) | ||||||
15 | 60 | 20 (33.3) | ||||
16 | 113 | 48 (42.5) | ||||
17 | 221 | 94 (42.5) | ||||
18 | 522 | 285 (54.6) | ||||
19 | 821 | 389 (47.4) | ||||
Per year increase | 1.10 (1.00–1.20) | 0.04 | ||||
Religion | ||||||
Catholic | 34 | 18 (52.9) | 1 | |||
Protestant/other christian | 1119 | 553 (49.4) | 0.87 (0.47–1.6) | |||
Muslim | 578 | 264 (45.7) | 0.75 (0.40–1.4) | |||
Traditional | 6 | 1 (16.7) | 0.18 (0.02–1.7) | 0.22 | ||
Highest education level achieveda | ||||||
No education/primary | 115 | 32 (27.8) | 1 | 1 | ||
Secondary | 1459 | 698 (47.8) | 2.4 (1.6–3.6) | 2.4 (1.5–3.6) | ||
Higher education | 163 | 106 (65.0) | 4.8 (2.8–8.2) | < 0.001 | 4.6 (2.7–8.0) | < 0.001 |
Currently in educationa | ||||||
Yes | 549 | 284 (51.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 1188 | 552 (46.5) | 0.81 (0.66–0.99) | 0.04 | 0.73 (0.59–0.90) | 0.003 |
Type of residencea | ||||||
Urban | 630 | 334 (53.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
Semi-urban | 719 | 349 (48.5) | 0.84 (0.67–1.0) | 0.84 (0.67–1.0) | ||
Rural | 388 | 153 (39.4) | 0.58 (0.44–0.76) | < 0.001 | 0.59 (0.45–0.77) | < 0.001 |
Socioeconomic levela | ||||||
Lowest to middle quintile | 66 | 18 (27.3) | 1 | 1 | ||
Second highest quintile | 334 | 144 (43.1) | 2.0 (1.1–3.8) | 2.0 (1.1–3.8) | ||
Highest quintile | 1301 | 664 (51.0) | 2.8 (1.5–5.1) | < 0.001 | 2.7 (1.5–5.0) | < 0.001 |
Exposure to information about contraception | ||||||
Heard about contraception in the media in last 12 months?b | ||||||
Yes | 380 | 227 (59.7) | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 1197 | 577 (48.2) | 0.63 (0.50–0.79) | < 0.001 | 0.65 (0.51–0.82) | < 0.001 |
Heard about contraception from health sector sources in last 12 months?b | ||||||
Yes | 394 | 248 (62.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 1183 | 556 (47.0) | 0.52 (0.41–0.67) | < 0.001 | 0.53 (0.42–0.68) | < 0.001 |
Heard about contraception from interpersonal sources in last 12 months?b | ||||||
Yes | 946 | 496 (52.4) | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 631 | 308 (48.8) | 0.87 (0.70–1.1) | 0.18 | 0.88 (0.71–1.1) | 0.25 |
Knows a place where or a person from whom she would feel comfortable accessing contraception?b | ||||||
Yes | 639 | 369 (57.8) | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 870 | 396 (45.5) | 0.61 (0.50–0.75) | 0.65 (0.53–0.81) | ||
Don’t know | 63 | 35 (55.7) | 0.91 (0.54–1.6) | < 0.001 | 0.95 (0.55–1.6) | < 0.001 |
Social networks | ||||||
Perception that partner supports her using contraceptionb | ||||||
Yes | 1018 | 643 (63.2) | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 325 | 101 (31.1) | 0.26 (0.20–0.34) | 0.27 (0.20–0.35) | ||
Don’t know | 193 | 44 (22.8) | 0.17 (0.12–0.25) | < 0.001 | 0.17 (0.12–0.25) | < 0.001 |
Perception that mother supports her using contraceptionb | ||||||
Yes | 358 | 195 (54.5) | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 710 | 364 (51.3) | 0.88 (0.69–1.1) | 0.87 (0.67–1.1) | ||
Don’t know | 341 | 163 (47.8) | 0.77 (0.57–1.0) | 0.19 | 0.76 (0.56–1.0) | 0.20 |
Perception that friends supports her using contraceptionb | ||||||
Yes | 892 | 519 (58.2) | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 333 | 43.2 (144) | 0.55 (0.43–0.70) | 0.54 (0.42–0.70) | ||
Don’t know | 352 | 40.1 (141) | 0.48 (0.37–0.62) | < 0.001 | 0.48 (0.37–0.63) | < 0.001 |
Individual knowledge, attitudes and behaviours | ||||||
Knowledge about contraceptionb | ||||||
0–1 | 58 | 22 (37.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
2–3 | 316 | 148 (46.8) | 1.4 (0.81–2.6) | 1.4 (0.74–2.5) | ||
4–5 | 1203 | 634 (52.7) | 1.8 (1.0–3.2) | 0.03 | 1.7 (0.95–3.1) | 0.08 |
Misconceptions about contraception | ||||||
0–1 | 494 | 251 (50.8) | 1 | |||
2–3 | 813 | 422 (51.9) | (0.83–1.3) | |||
4 | 270 | 131 (48.5) | 0.91 (0.66–1.3) | 0.64 | ||
Self-efficacy for contraceptionb | ||||||
0–1 | 277 | 90 (32.5) | 1 | 1 | ||
2–3 | 608 | 281 (46.2) | 1.8 (1.3–2.4) | 1.7 (1.2–2.3) | ||
4 | 743 | 460 (61.9) | 3.4 (2.5–4.6) | < 0.001 | 3.1 (2.3–4.2) | < 0.001 |
Ever been pregnant | ||||||
Yes | 385 | 191 (49.6) | 1 | |||
No/don’t know | 1352 | 645 (47.7) | 0.93 (0.75–1.1) | 0.48 | ||
Ever given birthb | ||||||
Yes | 165 | 61 (37.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
No | 1572 | 775 (49.3) | 1.7 (1.2–2.3) | 0.002 | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 0.01 |