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Table 2 A summary of results and interventions from the included articles

From: Reproductive health interventions for Inuit youth in the north: a scoping review

Author(s) / year

Adolescent specific?

Setting

Sample/ population

Topic of article

Focus of results

Description of intervention/ research

Cardinal (2018) [2]

No

Northern Canada

Women of child-bearing age in northern Canadian communities

Northern midwifery

Review, not empirical research study. Author promotes northern midwifery and education of midwives

Community-based and midwifery-driven primary health care, in order to improve Indigenous reproductive health in the north

Cavanaugh (2009) [3]

No

Northern Canada

Women of child-bearing age in northern Canadian communities

Fetal fibronectin tests for identifying high-risk pregnancies

The use of fetal fibronectin tests to prevent unnecessary travel to give birth

Using the fetal fibronectin test as a method of intervention to reduce the number of “low-risk” pregnancies being evacuated to the south

Chamberlain et al. (2001) [4]

No

Northern Canada

Nulliparous pregnant mothers in Iqaluit, Nunavut

Northern birthing centres

Comparing mothers’ birthing experience in Community A versus Community B

The establishment and effectiveness of northern-based birthing centres to better support Inuit maternal health

Corosky and Blystad (2016) [5]

Yes

Arviat, Nunavut, Northern Canada

Nine male youth aged 17–22, 10 female youth aged 16–22

Methods to improve access to and quality of reproductive health supports

How to make reproductive health resources effective for an Inuit youth target population

A community health research model was followed to generate data on youth experiences of reproductive health support access in the north

Couchie and Sanderson, (2007) [6]

No

Northern Canada

Pregnant Indigenous women in remote and rural northern communities

Northern midwifery

Policy review, not empirical research study. Author promotes northern midwifery

A review of current policies in northern Indigenous communities that recommend evacuation of pregnant women to southern Canada, in order to increase the opportunity for these women to give birth in their northern communities

Douglas (2011) [8]

No

Rankin Inlet, Nunavut, Northern Canada

Inuit women who gave birth at the Rankin Inlet Birthing Centre

Northern birthing centres

History of the Rankin Inlet birthing centre

Evaluation of an established birthing centre in order to strengthen future northern birthing centres and improve Inuit youth reproductive health

Hohman-Billmeier et al. (2016) [10]

Yes

Alaska, Northern USA

Inuit youth aged 14–19

Methods and interventions to improve access to and quality of reproductive health supports

Program evaluation

Teen pregnancy prevention program for Indigenous youth in Alaska

James et al. (2010) [11]

No

Northern Canada

Pregnant Inuit women in Nunavut

Northern midwifery

How to increase midwifery services and midwifery education in the north

Promoted midwifery as an intervention to prevent northern mothers from having to relocate to the south to give birth

Jessen et al. (2016) [13]

No

Northern regions of North America

Women of childbearing age in northern regions of North America

Methods and interventions to improve access to and quality of reproductive health supports

A call to increase sexual and reproductive publications in the Arctic

Promoted research on reproductive health within northern communities as an intervention to improve general youth reproductive health

Lauson et al. (2011) [15]

No

Nunavut, Northern Canada

Mothers and children in Nunavut

Methods and interventions to improve access to and quality of reproductive health supports

Importance of creating a maternal-child health information surveillance system in the north

Initiated a comprehensive maternal-child health surveillance system, in order to improve Inuit reproductive health in Nunavut

Lawford and Giles (2016) [16]

No

Kivalliq Inuit Centre, Winnipeg, Canada

Pregnant Inuit women evacuated to the Kivalliq Inuit Centre for birth

Prenatal education classes

Implementing prenatal education classes for pregnant women

Evaluated the prenatal education available for Inuit women evacuated for birth, in order to improve overall reproductive health

Leston et al. (2012) [17]

Yes

Alaska, Northern USA

A sample of Inuit and rural youth from five communities in Alaska, aged 15–24

Barriers to reproductive health interventions in the north

Understanding the themes of youth sexual and reproductive health

Focus groups were created to better comprehend the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of rural Inuit youth in Alaska surrounding reproductive health, to define the most appropriate methods to educate youth regarding these topics

Logie et al. (2019a) [19]

Yes

Northwest Territories, Northern Canada

Youth aged 13–18 in seventeen NWT communities

Barriers to reproductive health interventions in the north

Exploring factors related to sexual activity and condom use among teens

Identified findings surrounding sexual practices and condom use for youth in NWT, in order to tailor proper prevention strategies to promote healthy youth sexual and reproductive health

Logie et al. (2019b) [20]

Yes

Northwest Territories, Northern Canada

Youth aged 13–18 in seventeen NWT communities

Barriers to reproductive health interventions in the north

Exploring correlations around depression, food insecurity and condom use self-efficacy

Examined factors associated with condom use self-efficacy in NWT youth, in order to inform strategies to promote sexual and reproductive health for northern youth

Luo et al. (2010) [21]

No

Northern Canada

Young Inuit mothers in northern Canada

Methods and interventions to improve access to and quality of reproductive health supports

Comparing birth outcomes among Indigenous and non-Indigenous Canadians

Gathered more data on birth outcomes in Inuit populations as a knowledge intervention to promote and inform activities to improve Inuit reproductive health in northern Canada

Moisan et al. (2016) [22]

Yes

Northern regions of North America

Inuit women aged 15–19

Barriers to reproductive health interventions in the north

Describes current knowledge and factors regarding teen pregnancy in Inuit communities

Portrayed the current determinants of early pregnancy among Inuit youth in the north, in order to better address the topic and aid in creating reproductive health programs

Van Wagner et al. (2012) [17]

No

Nunavik, Quebec, Northern Canada

Data from 1372 labours and 1382 babies from 2002–2007 at the Inuulitsivik birth centre

Northern birthing centres

Maternal-child health outcomes at the Inuulitsivik birth centre

Evaluated the Inuulitsivik birth centre by studying the outcomes of the births, in order to better understand the strengths of maternity services in northern communities