Table 2 Extracted categories and sub-categories from the interview data
From: 'Does HPV affect my fertility?' Reproductive concerns of HPV-positive women: a qualitative study
Example of codes | Sub-categories | Categories |
|---|---|---|
- Ambiguity about the effect of the virus on male fertility - Asking about the need for male GWs' treatment before conception | a. Adverse effects of HPV on male fertility | 1. Concerns about fertility potential |
- The effects of HPV on reproductive hormones and menstrual cycle - Concerns about infertility due to persistent high-risk HPV and subsequent cancer - Attributing the failure of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) to the HPV | b. Negative effect of HPV on female fertility | |
- Fear of cervical infertility following invasive treatments (cryotherapy, LEEP, and conization) - The impact of the vaccine on hormones and the menstrual cycle - Fear of Infertility following HPV Vaccination - Concerns about the safety of HPV Vaccine in pregnancy | c. Threatened female fertility Association with treatments and vaccine | |
- Concerns about increasing genital Warts during pregnancy - Worrying about weakening immune system during pregnancy - Limitation of performing diagnostic and therapeutic interventions (colposcopy-biopsy) in pregnancy - Postponing pregnancy for fear of progression of the disease | a. Threatened mother's health during pregnancy | 2. Pregnancy concerns |
- Fear of miscarriage due to HPV - Concerns about preterm birth due to HPV - Performing the cesarean section due to HPV | b. Adverse pregnancy outcomes | |
- Fear of negative effects of GWs' medications on the fetus - Fear of transferring HPV to the fetus | c. Harm to the fetus | |
- Worrying about infecting the infant via breast milk and nursing | a. Fear of infecting newborn | 3. Non-pregnancy reproductive concerns |
- Not using condom - Worries about the negative effect of Hormonal contraception on abnormalities - Need to a safe method of contraception | b. Concerns related to contraception method | |
- Concerns about the effect of the virus on premature menopause | c. Fear of premature menopause | |
- Attributing family history of gynecologic cancer to HPV | d. Fear of cervical cancer | |
- Fear of cervical cancer following HPV infection | e. Fear of familial cancer due to HPV |