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Table 3 Determinants for ‘ever giving birth’ among adolescents stratified by residence

From: Association between socioeconomic status and fertility among adolescents aged 15 to 19: an analysis of the 2013/2014 Zambia Demographic Health Survey (ZDHS)

Characteristic description

No

% out of n

Rural

Urban

Adjusted OR

p-value

Adjusted OR

p-value

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

Age

      

 15

731

19.9

    

 16

756

20.6

    

 17

667

18.1

2.5 (2.2, 2.9)a

 < 0.001

2.1 (1.8, 2.4)

 

 18

771

21

    

 19

741

20.2

    

Wealth (rich vs poor)

      

 Rich (4th and 5th)

1,760

48

1

 

1

 

 Poor (1st, 2nd and 3rd)

1,906

52

1.3 (0.8, 2.0)

0.23

2.4 (1.5, 3.7)

 

Educational attainment

      

 No education

75

2.1

    

 Lower primary

259

7.1

    

 Upper primary

1,294

35.3

0.7 (0.6, 0.8)

 

0.5 (0.3, 0.6)

 

 Junior secondary

1,347

36.7

    

 Senior secondary

682

18.6

    

 Tertiary

9

0.3

    

Knowledge of contraception

      

 Does not know

162

4.4

1

   

 Knows

3,504

95.6

4.6 (1.4, 15.2)

0.014

 

*

Marital status

      

 Single

3,098

84.5

1

 

1

 

 Married

568

15.5

8.0 (5.4, 11.9)

 < 0.001

5.5 (3.2, 9.4)

 < 0.001

Contraception use

      

 None

3,278

89.4

1

 

1

 

 At least one method

388

10.6

13.8 (7.4 19.9)

 < 0.001

15.8 (8.3, 16.0)

 < 0.001

Abortion

      

 No

3,606

98.4

1

 

1

 

 Yes

60

1.6

0.3 (0.1, 0.8)

0.02

0.6 (0.2, 9.2)

0.717

  1. n = 3666
  2. aPer year increase
  3. *There were no urban adolescents without knowledge of contraception